Written policies and procedures reflect the organization's expectations based on which elements?

• A. The methods used to form, storm, and norm personnel
• B. Its organizational model and its strategic and operational plans
• C. The methods used to empower, motivate, and support personnel
• D. Its decision-making model and its structural and management plans

Answer: (B)

Written policies and procedures express what the organization expects of its members by codifying how the organization is arranged and what it aims to accomplish. They reflect its organizational model—how authority, roles, and reporting lines are structured—and its strategic and operational plans, translating mission, goals, and priorities into specific rules and steps. This alignment ensures consistent decisions and actions across the department, from day-to-day operations to long-range initiatives. The other options miss this full scope: forming and storming a team describes group development rather than organizational expectations; empowering and motivating personnel focuses on people management rather than codified expectations; and a decision-making model with structural and management plans is related but narrower, not capturing the full link to strategic and operational plans.